在工業(yè)管道系統(tǒng)中，閥門是控制流體流向、壓力與流量的關(guān)鍵部件，其質(zhì)量直接影響系統(tǒng)安全穩(wěn)定運行。一套嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)尿炇諜z測標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，就像為閥門性能上了一道 “安全鎖”，從外觀到性能，每個環(huán)節(jié)都至關(guān)重要。

　　In industrial pipeline systems, valves are key components that control fluid flow direction, pressure, and flow rate, and their quality directly affects the safe and stable operation of the system. A rigorous set of acceptance and testing standards is like a "safety lock" for valve performance, from appearance to performance, every aspect is crucial.

　　一、外觀檢查：細(xì)節(jié)之處見真章

　　1、 Appearance inspection: For details, please refer to the official seal

　　閥門到手，首先觀察外觀。表面應(yīng)平整光滑，無裂紋、砂眼、氣孔等瑕疵，這些缺陷不僅影響美觀，更可能成為應(yīng)力集中點，引發(fā)故障。閥門的涂層或鍍層需均勻牢固，無剝落、氣泡，起到防腐蝕作用。同時，型號、規(guī)格、公稱壓力等關(guān)鍵標(biāo)識應(yīng)清晰、永久標(biāo)記，便于識別追溯；零部件需完整無缺，閥桿筆直光滑，否則將影響啟閉操作。

　　Upon receiving the valve, first observe its appearance. The surface should be flat and smooth, without defects such as cracks, sand holes, pores, etc. These defects not only affect the appearance, but may also become stress concentration points and cause failures. The coating or plating of the valve should be uniform and firm, without peeling or bubbles, to prevent corrosion. At the same time, key markings such as model, specifications, and nominal pressure should be clear and permanently marked for easy identification and traceability; The components must be intact and the valve stem must be straight and smooth, otherwise it will affect the opening and closing operation.

　　二、尺寸測量：精準(zhǔn)匹配是關(guān)鍵

　　2、 Size measurement: Accurate matching is key

　　閥門尺寸精度決定其能否與管道適配。用卡尺、千分尺等工具測量公稱通徑、閥桿直徑等關(guān)鍵尺寸，偏差需控制在極小范圍。法蘭連接閥門的法蘭外徑、螺栓孔距等必須精準(zhǔn)，否則安裝后易泄漏；螺紋連接閥門的螺紋規(guī)格也要與管道完全匹配。此外，閥門結(jié)構(gòu)長度關(guān)乎安裝布局與系統(tǒng)應(yīng)力，需嚴(yán)格按標(biāo)準(zhǔn)執(zhí)行。

　　The accuracy of valve size determines whether it can be adapted to the pipeline. Use tools such as calipers and micrometers to measure critical dimensions such as nominal diameter and valve stem diameter, with deviations controlled within a very small range. The flange outer diameter and bolt hole spacing of flange connected valves must be precise, otherwise they are prone to leakage after installation; The thread specifications of the threaded connection valve should also be perfectly matched with the pipeline. In addition, the length of the valve structure is related to installation layout and system stress, and must be strictly implemented according to standards.

　　三、材質(zhì)核驗：“內(nèi)在實力” 定乾坤

　　3、 Material verification: 'Inner strength' determines the universe

　　材質(zhì)是閥門性能的核心。閥體、閥桿等關(guān)鍵部位材質(zhì)必須符合設(shè)計與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，鑄鐵閥成本低但耐腐蝕弱，不銹鋼閥則適用于化工等場景。合金鋼閥門需逐件光譜分析，確保合金成分達(dá)標(biāo)；特殊行業(yè)還要關(guān)注材質(zhì)潔凈度，避免污染介質(zhì)。

　　Material is the core of valve performance. The materials of key parts such as valve body and valve stem must meet the design and standards. Cast iron valves have low cost but weak corrosion resistance, while stainless steel valves are suitable for chemical and other scenarios. Alloy steel valves require individual spectral analysis to ensure that the alloy composition meets the standard; Special industries also need to pay attention to material cleanliness and avoid contaminating media.

　　四、壓力測試：嚴(yán)苛考驗測真金

　　4、 Stress Test: Rigorous Test Testing Real Gold

　　壓力測試是驗收 “重頭戲”，包括殼體強度試驗與密封性能試驗。殼體強度試驗以 1.5 倍公稱壓力施壓，保壓 5 分鐘，觀察閥體有無滲漏、變形；密封性能試驗用 1.1 倍公稱壓力，截斷閥要求內(nèi)漏為零，其他閥門嚴(yán)控外漏，尤其對輸送危險介質(zhì)的閥門，外漏絕不可容忍。

　　Pressure testing is the key to acceptance, including shell strength testing and sealing performance testing. Shell strength test: Apply pressure at 1.5 times the nominal pressure and hold for 5 minutes to observe for any leakage or deformation in the valve body; The sealing performance test uses 1.1 times the nominal pressure, and the cut-off valve requires zero internal leakage. Other valves must strictly control external leakage, especially for valves that transport hazardous media. External leakage must not be tolerated.

　　五、操作性能測試：靈活順暢保運行

　　5、 Operational performance testing: flexible and smooth operation to ensure smooth operation

　　手動閥門操作應(yīng)輕便靈活，開閉無卡阻；電動、氣動閥門的驅(qū)動裝置需運轉(zhuǎn)平穩(wěn)，控制靈敏，開關(guān)時間符合設(shè)計要求，確保緊急情況下能及時響應(yīng)。同時，閥門應(yīng)具備準(zhǔn)確的行程限位，防止閥瓣過度啟閉損壞部件。

　　Manual valve operation should be light and flexible, with no obstruction in opening and closing; The driving device of electric and pneumatic valves should operate smoothly, control sensitively, and meet the design requirements for on/off time to ensure timely response in emergency situations. At the same time, the valve should have accurate stroke limits to prevent excessive opening and closing of the valve disc from damaging components.

　　六、專項測試：量身定制保特性

　　6、 Specialized testing: Tailored protection features

　　特殊工況或類型的閥門需專項測試。低溫閥門要做低溫密封試驗，調(diào)節(jié)閥需測流量特性，安全閥則必須校驗整定壓力，確保超壓時及時泄壓。

　　Valves with special operating conditions or types require specialized testing. Low temperature valves need to undergo low-temperature sealing tests, regulating valves need to measure flow characteristics, and safety valves must verify the set pressure to ensure timely pressure relief in case of overpressure.

　　閥門驗收檢測標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是一個嚴(yán)密體系，涵蓋外觀、尺寸、材質(zhì)、壓力、操作及專項測試等多方面。只有嚴(yán)格遵循這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，才能確保閥門在管道系統(tǒng)中穩(wěn)定可靠運行，為工業(yè)生產(chǎn)筑牢安全防線。

　　The valve acceptance and testing standards are a rigorous system that covers various aspects such as appearance, size, material, pressure, operation, and specialized testing. Only by strictly following these standards can we ensure the stable and reliable operation of valves in pipeline systems, and build a solid safety line for industrial production.

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